Electronic Hurdles of Running Multiple Model Trains

By Daryl Clayton Kennedy

Model train lovers of all ages and skill levels will be the first to inform you that operating their layout is a blast with simply one locomotive circling the tracks. Those same modelers will also scream to you the excitement of handling 3 or 4 scale model locomotives traversing their rails.

To grab hold of the throttle and speed up one train, slow down another, and keep a third from slamming into them both, you must embrace cab control techniques and wiring required to make it tick! Power packs that AMP up power, toggle switches that choose your train of desired control and throttle cabs are the crucial tools needed in dodging your own disastrous bullets!

Solving Problems of Operating Multiple Model Locomotives

Independent control of separate trains requires you connect each model train to a separate power pack through different blocks of track. Blocks are electrically isolated sections of track divided by insulation in your rails.

Switches are used to connect however many switches you have directly to the tracks via a wire from the switch to the track. Then the toggle switch reaches out to one of the cabs with an additional wire. There is a common connection or wire between however many cabs you support and the rail opposite your switches wire on the tracks. These wires are also many times referred to as the Block Feeder and Common Feeder.

Your switch will also have a wire called a common connection that interlocks each individual cab, creating a web of well disciplined electrical communication. The cab is responsible for informing your trains engines which way to run and how fast to get there. The magic of this electrical orchestra can only be accomplished if the switch is also connected to the opposite rail of its Block Feeder.

As a model train conductor you're aware of the dangers in running multiple locomotives around a single layout. Be on the look out for out of control locomotives bad track switches. Bad timing is also of concern as an improperly planed turnout or a simple passing in the yard could yield grave results if not on your toes.

That's the basics. We hope this information is useful and keep tuning in for more on model trains and model train electronics. - 30326

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Electronics Required to Operate More Than One Model Train

By Daryl Clayton Kennedy

As a model train enthusiast you are familiar with the joys of conducting one model train on a single layout. It's safe to assume that manipulating multiple locomotives is twice or perhaps three times as gratifying.

To grab hold of the throttle and speed up one train, slow down another, and keep a third from slamming into them both, you must embrace cab control techniques and wiring required to make it tick! Power packs that AMP up power, toggle switches that choose your train of desired control and throttle cabs are the crucial tools needed in dodging your own disastrous bullets!

Resolving Issues Surrounding Conduction of Scale Model Locomotives

To independently control multiple locomotives you'll need to attach your trains to separate power packs on their own blocks of track. These blocks are divided into sections by insulation positioned in the rails.

Switches are used to connect however many switches you have directly to the tracks via a wire from the switch to the track. Then the toggle switch reaches out to one of the cabs with an additional wire. There is a common connection or wire between however many cabs you support and the rail opposite your switches wire on the tracks. These wires are also many times referred to as the Block Feeder and Common Feeder.

The same switch carrys common connections leading to which ever number of cabs you use. Your cab controlls your model trains forward, reverse and velocity. In order for this all to work your switch must be also connected to the opposite rail. This is achieved through a feed known as a Common Feeder attached to the opposite rail of the Block Feeder.

As a model train conductor you're aware of the dangers in running multiple locomotives around a single layout. Be on the look out for out of control locomotives bad track switches. Bad timing is also of concern as an improperly planed turnout or a simple passing in the yard could yield grave results if not on your toes.

Ok, that's it. This information has given you the heads up on electronic accessories and controlls needed to govern multiple locomotives in a single layout. - 30326

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Christmas Shopping Methods

By Frank Williams

Christmas shopping can be seen as an unqualified thrill or as a necessary evil. It is a thrill to be out and about amid the sights and sounds of the time of year and the jovial crowds. But for the same reasons, others fear shopping at Christmas time. These days, you do not need to leave your home much or at all to get your Christmas and holiday shopping done. That is because the Internet puts shopping at your fingertips and rather than competing with traditional retail stores, the Internet has actually expanded the aptitude of traditional stores to sell more merchandise to a bigger number of people in a larger number of places.

Both large and small retailers can be found at their dedicated Web sites on the Internet. Most will also offer items that can be found in the store. However, online retail sites will often have additional items for sale, or access to additional items, that are not yo be found in the store.

Another advantage of shopping on the Internet is that it gives admission to stores situated anywhere in the world. It has therefore become easier to order a unique gift from a niche or specialty boutique store in locations that you otherwise would not be able to get to. It is also easy to do comparison shopping using 'shop bots' or simply by comparing prices yourself.

If Christmas shopping is done through the Internet, you have to pay careful attention to the order times and any cut-off dates to get an item delivered in time for Christmas. Based on likely volume, most sites will give a date or the number of hours within which orders have to be confirmed for guaranteed delivery of the products before Christmas.

The mall is a popular place for traditional Christmas and holiday shopping. Precincts offer one-stop shopping and have a large assortment of merchandise, which can minimize the tedious searching of dozens of stores for some exclusive item. The stores will also be beautifully decorated for Christmas, have splendid displays and a Santa Claus to interrelate with children. These and other activities that are usually at the mall during Christmas and the holidays also make them an interesting place to take children to take pleasure in some of the season's delights.

To maximum benefit from shopping at the mall, you will need to know the discrepancies between the mall department stores. You will need to find out which stores have elite brands, which stores are reasonably priced and which are more up-market.

There are also the specialty stand-alone stores and spinoff store branches for children and adolescents that try to fill a particular niche. As an example, stores have emerged that carry only styles associated with hip-hop culture or styles that have an 'urban' look. So it may be worthwhile starting your shopping at a specialty store, because they are more focused, and then continue onto a department store that has a wider assortment.

Another fascinating place to shop in precincts are the stand-alone kiosks that are often located at intervals in the open areas of a precinct where there is a lot of foot traffic. These kiosks are more likely to carry one-of-a kind products, which can provide ideas for Christmas gifts.

Also at malls will be specialized shops that offer home/household products, books, music and movies, electronics, sports gear and shoes.

All of the sorts of precinct stores previously mentioned can also be found at Outlet or Factory Precincts or Warehouses, which offer lower prices. These stores often carry clearance products from their associated precinct store, merchandise with minor flaws and merchandise that is made for the outlet. Those items of merchandise usually have minor style variations from what is found in mall stores and may also be manufactured from different materials.

A final place to consider for Christmas shopping is city center businesses. They are frequently small and personal, have unique offerings and offer more personalized assistance. Although city center businesses are also likely to be crowded at Christmas time, there is likely to be less of a crush of people than that found at theprecincts. - 30326

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Holidays Or Vacations - Be Alert For Bedbugs In Hotels Or Resorts

By Dorothy Yamich

Most people who travel on holidays and vacations and stay at resorts or hotels never expect it, but they may have some unwanted guests. Bed bugs definitely do not make very good resort or hotel roommates when you are on a holiday or vacation.

Even the best of the luxurious five-star resorts and hotels can on occasion get an infestation of bed bugs. This can be sometimes be unavoidable as hundreds and even thousands of travelers and tourists can be staying at a hotel or resort at any given time. These tiny blood drinking critters can easily hitch a ride on unsuspecting travelers or hide in their luggage. Hotel and resort managers alike are very aware of this possible problem and do their best to prevent this from happening.

What do these blood sucking pests look like?

Bedbugs are very tiny, flat, wingless bugs. Their size can vary from a head of a pin to about one-quarter of an inch in length when fully mature. They have an oval shape and look like small watermelon seeds. Their color can vary from a translucent yellow to a dark reddish brown. If they have just dined on a traveler's blood they may appear dark brown or black in color.

How easy are they to see?

Most vacationers are unaware of bedbugs until they see red bite marks on their bodies and start scratching their itchy wounds. Bed bugs can be extremely difficult to find if the infestation is light. Their eggs are very tiny and about the size of grains of rice which are even harder to see. To make matters even worse they tend to be nocturnal so they are waking up and looking for a blood breakfast when most vacationers are tired and going to sleep.

When you check into your room it is advisable to roll all the bed sheets, blankets and comforters down to see if you can find any bed bugs. A tell tale sign they're around are dark fecal spots or drops of dried blood on the linen, pillowcases, or in the seams around the mattress or box springs. You also may find what look like to be shells of bed bugs which are in fact the skins that they shed when they're maturing. If you can find any sign of their presence, phone down to the front desk and ask for another room. You may be able to get a decent discount on your hotel or resort room for the upsetting experience and inconvenience.

Bed bugs do not reflect on the cleanliness of hotels and resorts. These insects do not eat crumbs or dirt, or anything we may associate with unsanitary hotel room conditions. They only feed on blood. In terms of a vacationer's health, current research indicates that these insects do not appear to spread disease even though they can harbor well over twenty-five different pathogens.

Not everyone gets bitten by bed bugs. Sometimes, if there are two travelers asleep in the same bed, only one may get bitten. However, bed bugs don't discriminate. Given a chance they will gladly drink anyone's blood. Bed bugs are attracted by the heat of our bodies and the carbon dioxide that we exhale when we breathe. They also release chemicals that attract each other. These night crawlers move quickly and are excellent climbers. They can easily tag along in a traveler's luggage or on their clothing.

What can you do to avoid these pests when traveling on your holidays?

Unfortunately, apart from checking the linen, mattress, box springs, bed frames, behind the headboard, all upholstered furniture, and along the baseboards in your room, that's about all you can do.

Bed bugs are a universal problem and can be found in motels, bed and breakfasts, hostels, hotels, pod hotels, resorts, hospitals, airplanes, trains, cabs, buses, cruise ships, etc. These small blood suckers can be found near any readily available source of blood, like tired travelers. Bedbugs can even hitch a ride home with you and turn your home sweet home into a living hell.

What can you do to get rid of bed bugs?

You should leave this job to a professional pest control company as these insects are very difficult to get rid of. It is expensive and can take a lot of time treating an infestation of bed bugs which usually involves the use of pesticides and steam. This process may have to be repeated a number of times before the very hot steam and pesticides kill them all. Don't forget that the insects must come into direct contact with the hot steam and pesticides for these tactics to be completely effective.

As far as your house is concerned, prevention is easier and far less costly than a cure. In your home, you do not have to throw your mattress and box springs out. You can cover your mattress and box springs with zippered plastic coverings that will prevent bedbugs from hiding in the cracks and crevices of your mattress. There also are zippered plastic protectors that are just as effective in protecting your pillows. This will prevent any bedbugs that are inside from getting out. And at the same time it will prevent any new infestations from getting in, thus eliminating the mattress and box springs as a problem. However, this is only one part of the bed bug solution. You will still need to use steam and pesticides to fumigate any room of the home where they could be hiding.

There is a new and exciting revolutionary product that looks very promising for monitoring and eliminating bed bugs. It is called the NightWatch Bedbug Trap designed by Bio Sensory, Inc.. This small, easy to use product has a kairomone, carbon dioxide, and heat lure that traps and kills bed bugs. Under a monitored field test this product captured and killed over a thousand bed bugs. - 30326

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Life of Legendary Train Engineer - Casey Jones

By Daryl Clayton Kennedy

Born John Luther Jones on March,1863 in Southeast Missouri, the first of five installments born to Frank and Ann Jones.

John was interested in trains early in life. Around- yrs of age... John moved with his family to C-A-Y-C-E Kentucky.

John developed an ever deeper appreciation of locomotives while in the small town of Cayce. At 15 John determine he wanted to be an engineer, which was about as good a paying job as one could receive in the late'00s.

Johns dreams landed in his lap when the Mobil & Ohio Railroad offered the 6"4' legendary engineer a position on their team. It's hard work and challenging at times but that's what Casey loved.

Upon the request of the H&O Railroad, John moved to Jackson, Tennessee in'81. While in Jackson the soon to be famous HERO lived in a popular boarding house. When asked where he was from....... John replied... CAYCE Kentucky!

The other engineers added the tag... and John Luther J. has been CASEY JONES ever scenes. The spelling of Casey as we're familiar is C-A-S-E-Y... although the town where Casey originates is spelled C-A-Y-C-E!

Casey married Janie Brady in'86 and they soon had three children of their own, John Jr., Helen and Charles. In'81 Casey switched railroads and landed on the Illinois central. In'90 Casey was promoted to engineer and given his own route...

The Years to Follow Would Be the Foundation a Legend would Stand On

Casey's punctuality was such that one could set their watch by it! Casey's reputation remains iron clad, it's his desperation to keep his reputation that seals his fate.

Caseys Remains King of the Rails - The Year is'00

Trouble brews as Casey is asked to pull an additional run, his fellow engineer unable to make the trip Casey bravely steps forward. Behind when Casey takes over the mighty engine #382 is pushed to it's peak. Casey and passengers are headed to Canton Tennessee when they discover trouble.

Old Engine #382 Pushed Passed 100mph

Casey was 40 minutes behind after taking over the run, by the time they neared Vaughn Casey managed to shave that down to only 10 minutes behind shedual. Casey was relentless and brought the mighty #382 past speeds of 100mph.

Trouble ahead as Casey and Sim where unaware of the broken switch at the stop ahead. The broken switch caused two trains to rest back to back forcing an end caboose and two other cars to hang out too far on the adjacent tracks.

Approaching at 75mph Casey Sees Harms Way Closing

No chance of stopping as it's... too late! Casey's Engine #382 collides with a jammed locomotive. Casey's last words remembered by those who can recount the story... JUMP Sim JUMP!

Sim later recalled that day and Casey's famous last words. With his hands gripping the break for his passengers and the lives of the poor souls ahead.

CRASH... the engine slammed hard like an atomic bomb! Casey saved everyone but himself as his tenacity on the break provided enough slowing to reduce their speed enough to where the passenger cars in tow where unscathed and no one was killed.

Casey was found in the wreckage gripping the break that saved the lives of so many. In his honer a song was created and Casey Jones went on to become an American HERO! - 30326

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Diesel Locomotives and Model Train Maintenance

By Daryl Clayton Kennedy

Model train sets today arrive at you door ready to run. In no way does this imply completely dismissing pre operations testing.

Removing your model trains chassis is done with ease. Simply spread casting lugs by gripping chassis and spreading gently until casting is released.

After casting lugs release chassis, inspect for obvious defections such as bound gears, strange noises, and slower than normal push offs. If your loco isn't sitting on the track with ease, you may want to inspect your trucks for adjusting.

An almost instinctive first plan of attack is cleaning wheels. By purging your wheels of imminent dust clusters, you limit dust entering your motor and bogging down performance. To clean wheels attach test leads to motor, ignite engine, flip locomotive upside down and with your free hand apply abrasive block on wheels until they shine like new!

After the Inaugural Wheel Cleaning You are Wise to Inspect for Mechanical Gremlins

After your locomotives wheels are clean take apart their gearbox and inspect for plastic shavings and also take this opportunity to clean the inside of your gearbox. Once clean and dry, apply lubricant as needed. Be carefully not to apply access amounts as this can lead to the very problems you where attempting to avoid.

Pay extra special attention to the electrical connections housed in the trucks. These smooth metallic surfaces are the direct channel currents take when talking to your loco.

Upon completion of your tune up a test run is recommended. This will be the exclamation point that assures you a safe relaxing run.

In rapping things up you should be assured that once the above instructions have been followed you and your family will enjoy the fine hobby of modeling even more as you'll have cut your chances of having a really bad day expediently. By adjusting trucks and making sure they rest evenly on tracks and also by spit shinning your wheels for tangent connections you are lining yourself up for smooth rides and historical runs. If for any reason you should encounter problems simply trouble shoot familiar mechanical locations around your loco and test once more. If problems insist, it's not unheard of to have acquired a potentially bad decoder or possibly some other poorly functioning electrical component. - 30326

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Model Train Track Cleaners Come in All Shapes and Sizes

By Daryl Clayton Kennedy

The two rail cleaners that stand out above the rest in function and quality are of a simply design. Before their identities are exposed I'd like to inform you that these widgets come in a variety of inconspicuous costumes. Refrigeration cars, stock locomotives and Yep... even box cars!

The prototypes pull extra duty as cleaning cars. They piggyback heavy rough sheets of Masonite carefully hitched to the underbelly of any locomotive you wish to bond Masonite cleaning attachment to. Made of heated, treated, pressurized wood shavings, this composite is a perfect tool for aggressively polishing your tracks while seemingly undergoing normal layout operations. These assistive cleaning slabs come in HO, S, N, G, and O scale attachments.

I recommend sliders, better known as track cleaners that utilize the rolling method of cleaning rail. They too can be found in HO, O, G, S, and N scales.

Recommendation 1... Manufactured by Centerline Products in a variety of gauges these home made mobile cleaners work by the roller rotating as the locomotive advances on the tracks rails. If you see black streaks scaring the towel as she is tugged along, then things are progressing nicely.

These cars may also incorporate the use of liquid cleaners. This attribute can only yield sharper tracks. I personally use Goo Gone as a cleaning solvent and find it to do nicely. There are other solvents such as electrical cleaners which work well when applied appropriately. Modelers who've been around for a while swear by a solution known only as NO-OX. This electrical cleanser by nature is said to really deliver it's bang for your buck as only small amounts are required to cover vast lengths of rail.

Recommendation 2... Slider Track Cleaning Cars. As discussed early on, sliders come in a variety of flavors. This is accomplished by providing a universal attachment for each individual gauge of track. Each scale has its own kit i.e. HO scale has a kit, S scale has it's own kit and so on. The kits play an interesting roll as they allow you to clean your rails while operating your layout without any one being the wise because there is no awkward looking out of place hunk of metal cruising behind your trains.

The coolest thing about sliders is that with a little creativity you can really build your own slider and save a few bucks! - 30326

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